Thanks for checking @Ewald_Ikemann, I do feel reassured about the firmware considering you have the exact setup.
Yes @foosel it only happens when OctoPrint is connected but not when the USB is connected to the powered Pi with OctoPrint "disconnected." Funny you mention communication, after all my tests I was able to find quite a few cases of Recv: USART2 rx Full!!!
whatever that means.
Here's one excerpt where it happened:
2019-09-20 00:06:56,493 - Send: M105
2019-09-20 00:06:56,503 - Recv: ok T:25.0 /0.0 B:25.0 /0.0 T0:25.0 /0.0 @:0 B@:0 P:26.7
2019-09-20 00:06:58,006 - Recv: MMU => 'start'
2019-09-20 00:06:58,009 - Recv: MMU <= 'S1'
2019-09-20 00:07:00,107 - Recv: start
2019-09-20 00:07:00,109 - Printer sent 'start' while already operational. External reset? Resetting line numbers to be on the safe side
2019-09-20 00:07:00,126 - Send: N0 M110 N0*125
2019-09-20 00:07:00,133 - Recv: echo: 3.8.0-2684
2019-09-20 00:07:00,134 - Recv: echo: Last Updated: Sep 6 2019 19:51:28 | Author: (none, default config)
2019-09-20 00:07:00,137 - Recv: Compiled: Sep 6 2019
2019-09-20 00:07:00,139 - Recv: echo: Free Memory: 2276 PlannerBufferBytes: 1392
2019-09-20 00:07:00,143 - Recv: echo:Stored settings retrieved
2019-09-20 00:07:00,146 - Recv: adc_init
2019-09-20 00:07:00,472 - Recv: FSensor ENABLED
2019-09-20 00:07:00,484 - Recv: echo:SD card ok
2019-09-20 00:07:01,720 - Recv: ok
2019-09-20 00:07:01,724 - Send: N0 M110 N0*125
2019-09-20 00:07:01,747 - Recv: ok
2019-09-20 00:07:01,749 - Send: M113 S2
2019-09-20 00:07:01,753 - Recv: ok
2019-09-20 00:07:01,756 - Send: M105
2019-09-20 00:07:01,765 - Recv: ok T:25.0 /0.0 B:25.0 /0.0 T0:25.0 /0.0 @:0 B@:0 P:113.6
2019-09-20 00:07:06,498 - Send: M105
2019-09-20 00:07:06,510 - Recv: ok T:25.0 /0.0 B:25.0 /0.0 T0:25.0 /0.0 @:0 B@:0 P:26.2
2019-09-20 00:07:07,628 - Recv: MMU => 'start'
2019-09-20 00:07:07,634 - Recv: MMU <= 'S1'
2019-09-20 00:07:10,528 - Recv: start
2019-09-20 00:07:10,530 - Printer sent 'start' while already operational. External reset? Resetting line numbers to be on the safe side
2019-09-20 00:07:10,541 - Send: N0 M110 N0*125
2019-09-20 00:07:10,551 - Recv: echo: 3.8.0-2684
2019-09-20 00:07:10,554 - Recv: echo: Last Updated: Sep 6 2019 19:51:28 | Author: (none, default config)
2019-09-20 00:07:10,557 - Recv: Compiled: Sep 6 2019
2019-09-20 00:07:10,559 - Recv: echo: Free Memory: 2276 PlannerBufferBytes: 1392
2019-09-20 00:07:10,561 - Recv: echo:Stored settings retrieved
2019-09-20 00:07:10,564 - Recv: adc_init
2019-09-20 00:07:10,896 - Recv: FSensor ENABLED
2019-09-20 00:07:10,908 - Recv: echo:SD card ok
2019-09-20 00:07:12,146 - Recv: ok
2019-09-20 00:07:12,150 - Send: N0 M110 N0*125
2019-09-20 00:07:12,171 - Recv: ok
2019-09-20 00:07:12,174 - Send: M113 S2
2019-09-20 00:07:12,178 - Recv: ok
2019-09-20 00:07:12,181 - Send: M105
2019-09-20 00:07:12,190 - Recv: ok T:25.0 /0.0 B:25.0 /0.0 T0:25.0 /0.0 @:0 B@:0 P:113.5
2019-09-20 00:07:13,011 - Recv: USART2 rx Full!!!
2019-09-20 00:07:13,012 - Recv: USART2 rx Full!!!
2019-09-20 00:07:13,038 - Recv: USART2 rx Full!!!
2019-09-20 00:07:16,500 - Send: M105
2019-09-20 00:07:16,514 - Recv: ok T:25.0 /0.0 B:25.0 /0.0 T0:25.0 /0.0 @:0 B@:0 P:26.6
2019-09-20 00:07:21,502 - Send: M105
2019-09-20 00:07:21,517 - Recv: ok T:25.0 /0.0 B:25.0 /0.0 T0:25.0 /0.0 @:0 B@:0 P:25.6
2019-09-20 00:07:26,503 - Send: M105
2019-09-20 00:07:26,520 - Recv: ok T:25.0 /0.0 B:25.0 /0.0 T0:25.0 /0.0 @:0 B@:0 P:25.6
2019-09-20 00:07:31,504 - Send: M105
2019-09-20 00:07:31,521 - Recv: ok T:25.0 /0.0 B:25.0 /0.0 T0:25.0 /0.0 @:0 B@:0 P:25.6
2019-09-20 00:07:36,506 - Send: M105
2019-09-20 00:07:36,522 - Recv: ok T:25.0 /0.0 B:25.0 /0.0 T0:25.0 /0.0 @:0 B@:0 P:25.6
2019-09-20 00:07:40,551 - Recv: MMU not responding - DISABLED
2019-09-20 00:07:41,508 - Send: M105
2019-09-20 00:07:41,523 - Recv: ok T:25.0 /0.0 B:25.0 /0.0 T0:25.0 /0.0 @:0 B@:0 P:25.6
2019-09-20 00:07:46,512 - Send: M105
2019-09-20 00:07:46,528 - Recv: ok T:25.0 /0.0 B:25.0 /0.0 T0:25.0 /0.0 @:0 B@:0 P:25.5
2019-09-20 00:07:51,516 - Send: M105
2019-09-20 00:07:51,534 - Recv: ok T:25.0 /0.0 B:25.0 /0.0 T0:25.0 /0.0 @:0 B@:0 P:25.6
2019-09-20 00:07:56,518 - Send: M105
2019-09-20 00:07:56,535 - Recv: ok T:25.0 /0.0 B:25.0 /0.0 T0:25.0 /0.0 @:0 B@:0 P:25.5
2019-09-20 00:08:01,527 - Send: M105
2019-09-20 00:08:01,543 - Recv: ok T:25.0 /0.0 B:25.0 /0.0 T0:25.0 /0.0 @:0 B@:0 P:25.5
2019-09-20 00:08:06,531 - Send: M105
2019-09-20 00:08:06,546 - Recv: ok T:25.0 /0.0 B:25.0 /0.0 T0:25.0 /0.0 @:0 B@:0 P:25.6
2019-09-20 00:08:09,457 - Recv: start
2019-09-20 00:08:09,469 - Printer sent 'start' while already operational. External reset? Resetting line numbers to be on the safe side
2019-09-20 00:08:09,487 - Send: N0 M110 N0*125
2019-09-20 00:08:09,498 - Recv: echo: 3.8.0-2684
2019-09-20 00:08:09,501 - Recv: echo: Last Updated: Sep 6 2019 19:51:28 | Author: (none, default config)
2019-09-20 00:08:09,503 - Recv: Compiled: Sep 6 2019
2019-09-20 00:08:09,507 - Recv: echo: Free Memory: 2276 PlannerBufferBytes: 1392
2019-09-20 00:08:09,510 - Recv: echo:Stored settings retrieved
2019-09-20 00:08:09,514 - Recv: adc_init
2019-09-20 00:08:09,822 - Recv: FSensor ENABLED
2019-09-20 00:08:09,834 - Recv: echo:SD card ok
2019-09-20 00:08:11,071 - Recv: ok
2019-09-20 00:08:11,079 - Send: N0 M110 N0*125
2019-09-20 00:08:11,096 - Recv: ok
2019-09-20 00:08:11,101 - Send: M113 S2
2019-09-20 00:08:11,108 - Recv: ok
2019-09-20 00:08:11,533 - Send: M105
I downgraded to the previous firmware version 3.7.1 as you suggested, and again I'm back to the issue I mentioned before (https://github.com/prusa3d/Prusa-Firmware/issues/1974)
In this case my serial log has:
2019-09-20 16:15:30,420 - Recv: Unknown G code: G21
2019-09-20 16:15:32,587 - Recv: echo:busy: processing
2019-09-20 16:15:34,651 - Recv: echo:busy: processing
2019-09-20 16:15:36,830 - Recv: echo:busy: processing
2019-09-20 16:15:38,894 - Recv: echo:busy: processing
2019-09-20 16:15:40,664 - Recv: NORMAL MODE: Percent done: 0; print time remaining in mins: 44
2019-09-20 16:15:40,670 - Recv: SILENT MODE: Percent done: 255; print time remaining in mins: -1
2019-09-20 16:15:40,683 - Recv:
2019-09-20 16:15:40,685 - Recv: SD printing byte 1595/2509714
2019-09-20 16:15:40,688 - Recv: 00:03
2019-09-20 16:15:40,692 - Recv: ok
2019-09-20 16:15:40,696 - Send: M105
2019-09-20 16:15:44,334 - Recv: Unknown G code: G21
2019-09-20 16:15:46,464 - Recv: echo:busy: processing
2019-09-20 16:15:48,528 - Recv: echo:busy: processing
2019-09-20 16:15:50,592 - Recv: echo:busy: processing
2019-09-20 16:15:52,657 - Recv: echo:busy: processing
2019-09-20 16:15:54,721 - Recv: echo:busy: processing
2019-09-20 16:15:56,785 - Recv: echo:busy: processing
2019-09-20 16:15:58,231 - Recv: echo:Advance K=30.00
2019-09-20 16:15:58,239 - Recv: E/D=Auto
2019-09-20 16:15:58,272 - Recv: ok T:213.9 /215.0 B:60.3 /60.0 T0:213.9 /215.0 @:45 B@:14 P:31.1
2019-09-20 16:15:58,274 - Send: M27
2019-09-20 16:15:58,469 - Recv:
2019-09-20 16:15:58,471 - Recv: SD printing byte 2074/2509714
2019-09-20 16:15:58,475 - Recv: 00:04
2019-09-20 16:15:58,477 - Recv: ok
2019-09-20 16:15:58,481 - Send: M113 S2
2019-09-20 16:15:59,316 - Recv: ok
2019-09-20 16:15:59,329 - Send: M105
2019-09-20 16:16:00,898 - Recv: ok T:213.7 /215.0 B:60.2 /60.0 T0:213.7 /215.0 @:49 B@:31 P:31.3
2019-09-20 16:16:00,909 - Send: M27
2019-09-20 16:16:01,332 - Recv:
Maybe it's related to the "arduino-usbserial firmware" problem described in this issue comment: https://github.com/prusa3d/Prusa-Firmware/issues/1180#issuecomment-449777357
Anyway, clearly this is not OctoPrint's fault but I am very thankful for your help here. I wish there was a clearer answer but at this point I think I'm stuck figuring out how to flash new usbserial to the board and/or buying a new board from overseas. Of course I promise to report back if I come up with a solution, and if you have any other ideas in the meantime I'm all ears.
Thanks so much, even though mission failed.